IBM Has unveiled a new quantum computing Architecture says that the number will reduce the number Quits essential for error correctionAdvance will outline your goal On a large scale, the creation of defect-tolerant quantum computerIt is called Starling, which will be available to customers by 2029.

Quantum Quantum computer Made from, reliable, error improvement will be important for the manufacture of large -scale equipment. Error reform approach Spread each unit of information in many physical Qubles to create “logical qualities”. It provides excesses against errors in individual physical Qubits.

One of the most popular approaches is known as a surface code, which requires approximately 1,000 physical Qubits to create a logical QBIT. This IBM was initially focused on, but the company eventually felt that making hardware to support it was a “engineering pipe dream,” J GambataThe vice president of IBM Quantum said in a press briefing.

Around 2019, the company started investigating options. One in paper published in Nature Last year, IBM researchers underlined a new error-reforming plan called Quantum Low-Ghantva Samata Czech (QLDPC) code, which would require about one-tenth of the number of Qubetes requiring surface codes. Now, company A new quantum-computing architecture has been unveiled It can feel this new approach.

“We have cracked the code Quantity of error And this is our plan to make it on a large scale first, fault tolerant Quantum computer, “Gammbetta said, which is also an IBM Fellow.” We are confident that it is now a question of engineering to make these machines rather than science. ,

IBM unveiled new quantum roadmap

IBM will take the first step towards realizing this architecture, with a processor called Lone later this year. This chip will contain couples that can add distant Qubetes to the same chip, which is important to apply the QLDPC code. These “non-local” interactions are those that make the approach more efficient than the surface code, which depends only on the qualities that communicate with their neighbors.

As A roadmap Released with a description of the new architecture, the company plans to create a follow-on processor called Kukaburra in 2026, which will feature both a logical processing unit and A. Quantity of memoryThis will be the first performance of a base module that will later be made the system. The following year IBM plans to connect two of these modules together to make a device called Cocktu.

The road map does not expand how many modules will be used to make Starling, IBM employed commercial offers, but the computer will provide 200 facility Logical qualification And be able to run 100 million quantum operations. How many physical Qubits will actually be required, yet the final look is yet to be finalized Mathius StephenIBM Fellow, which leads the quantum-processor technology team. He said that to make the new architecture 10 logical Qables, there is a need for several hundred physical Qualbits.

IBM has planned to make Starling by 2028 before providing on cloud the next year. It will be placed in a new quantum data center in Poughkeepsie, NY, and the current road map of the IBM, a 2,000 logical QBIT machine codon will lay the foundation for the final system on Blue Jay.

IBM’s new architecture is an important advance on its previous technology, says Mark hoarwathA vice -president analyst GartnerWhich was given before the announcement. Increased connectivity of the new chip makes it much more powerful and is supported by significant successes in 3D construction. And if this IBM helps in reaching 200 logical qualities, it will bring the quantum computer under the purview of solving practical problems, called Horwaths.

However, Horwath says the modular approach is IBM banking which can prove to be challenging to reach there. “This is a very complex task,” they say. “I think it will eventually work. It’s just, it’s far ahead of people.”

One of the largest remaining obstacles is improving the gate fidelity in the device. To successfully implement this new architecture, the error rate needs to come down from an order of magnitude, accepted the Stephen of IBM, although the company is confident that it is attainable. One of the main roads ahead will have to improve in the consistent time of the underlying Qubits, which suggests how long they can maintain their quantum kingdom. “We have evidence that it is actually one of the main hurdles to improve gate errors,” Stephen says.

In isolated testing devices, IBM has succeeded in transporting the average consistent time to 2 milliseconds, but translating for large chips is not straightforward. Stephen said that the company recently progressed with its heron chips, going from about 150 to 250 microcecands.

Important engineering challenges are also in supporting the infrastructure, Stephen said, which connect various parts of the system including connectors and AmplifiersBut a major advantage of new architecture is that it requires low components due to a low number of physical Qubeks. He says, “This is one of the reasons that we are very excited about these QLDPC code, as it also reduces the overhead of all non-processing,” they say.

The story was updated on 10 June 2025 to fix some details of IBM’s current roadmap.